Mwepu vs Hybrid CNC-AM maka Mmezi Ngwá Ọrụ

PFT, Shenzhen

Ọmụmụ ihe a na-atụnyere ịdị irè nke CNC machining subtractive omenala na-emepụta ngwakọ CNC-Additive Manufacturing (AM) maka ịrụzi ngwá ọrụ mmepụta ihe. A na-agbakọ metrik arụmọrụ (oge nrụzi, oriri ihe, ike igwe) site na iji nnwale a na-achịkwa na ọnwụ stampụ mebiri emebi. Nsonaazụ na-egosi na ụzọ ngwakọ na-ebelata ihe mkpofu ihe site na 28-42% wee mee ka usoro nrụzi dị mkpụmkpụ site na 15-30% na nsonazụ mwepu-naanị. Nyocha microstructural na-akwado ike tensile yiri (≥98% nke ngwa ọrụ mbụ) na ngwakọ emeziri. Mmachi bụ isi gụnyere mmachi mgbagwoju anya geometric maka ntinye AM. Nchọpụta ndị a na-egosi ngwakọ CNC-AM dị ka atụmatụ bara uru maka nlekọta ngwá ọrụ na-adigide.

1 Okwu mmalite

Mmebi akụrụngwa na-efu ụlọ ọrụ nrụpụta $240B kwa afọ (NIST, 2024). Ndozi CNC mwepu ọdịnala na-ewepụ akụkụ ndị mebiri emebi site na igwe igwe/egweri, na-atụfukarị> 60% nke ihe nwere ike ịzọpụta. Ngwakọta CNC-AM ngwakọ (nkwado ike ozugbo na ngwaọrụ dị adị) na-ekwe nkwa ịrụ ọrụ akụrụngwa mana enweghị nkwado ụlọ ọrụ. Nke a nnyocha quantifies arụmọrụ uru nke ngwakọ workflows vesos ot subtractive ụzọ maka elu-uru tooling ịrụkwa.

2 Usoro

2.1 Nleba anya

H13 ígwè stamping ise mebiri emebi na-anwụ (akụkụ: 300 × 150 × 80mm) mere usoro nrụzi abụọ:

• Otu A (Mwepụ):
  - Mwepụ mmebi site na igwe igwe 5-axis (DMG MORI DMU 80)
  - Nkwụnye ego ịgbado ọkụ (GTAW)
  - Mechaa machining na CAD mbụ

• Otu B (ngwakọ):
  - Mwepụ ntụpọ pere mpe (<1mm omimi)
  - Nrụzi DED site na iji Meltio M450 (waya 316L)
  - Nrụgharị CNC na-agbanwe agbanwe (Siemens NX CAM)

2.2 Nweta data

• Ịrụ ọrụ ihe: Ntụle Mass tupu/mmezi mmezi (Mettler XS205)

• Ndepụta oge: Nyochaa usoro na ihe mmetụta IoT (ToolConnect)

• Nnwale igwe:
  - Maapụ ike (Buehler IndentaMet 1100)
  - Ihe nlere anya (ASTM E8 / E8M) sitere na mpaghara arụziri

3 Nsonaazụ & Nyocha

3.1 Iji akụrụngwa

Tebụl 1: Ntụle Metrics Usoro Mmezi

3.2 Mechanical iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe

Egosipụtara ụdịdị ngwakọ emeziri:

• Isi ike na-agbanwe agbanwe (52–54 HRC vs. mbụ 53 HRC)

• Ike ike kachasị elu: 1,890 MPa (± 25 MPa) - 98.4% nke ihe ndabere.

• Enweghị delamination interface na ule ike ọgwụgwụ (10⁶ cycles na 80% na-enye nrụgide)

Ọgụgụ 1: Microstructure nke ngwakọ nrụzi interface (SEM 500×)
Mara: Nhazi ọka gbakọtara na oke njikọ na-egosi njikwa ọkụ dị mma.

4 Mkparịta ụka

4.1 Mmetụta arụmọrụ

Mbelata oge 28.9% sitere na iwepụ nnukwu ihe onwunwe. Nhazi ngwakọ na-egosi uru maka:

• Ngwa ihe nketa nwere ngwaahịa ihe kwụsịrị

• Geometries nwere mgbagwoju anya dị elu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọwa jụrụ oyi)

• Ọnọdụ nrụzi obere olu

4.2 Mgbochi teknụzụ

Achọpụtara oke:

• Akụkụ nkwụnye ego kacha elu: 45° site na kehoraizin (na-egbochi ntụpọ nfefe)

• Ọdịiche ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa DED: ± 0.12mm chọrọ ụzọ ngwaọrụ mmegharị

• Usoro ọgwụgwọ HIP na-aga n'ihu dị mkpa maka ngwaọrụ ọkwa ikuku

5 Nkwubi okwu

Ngwakọ CNC-AM na-ebelata oriri akụrụngwa nrụzi ngwá ọrụ site na 23-42% ebe ọ na-edobe nha nhata n'ibu na ụzọ mwepu. A na-atụ aro itinye n'ọrụ maka akụrụngwa nwere mgbagwoju anya geometric na-agafeghị oke ebe nchekwa ihe na-akwado ụgwọ ọrụ AM. Nchọpụta na-esote ga-ebuli atụmatụ nkwụnye ego maka ígwè ọrụ siri ike (> 60 HRC).